1. Sepsis/severe infection (any microorganism)

2. Trauma (e.g., polytrauma, neurotrauma, fat embolism)

3. Organ destruction (e.g., severe pancreatitis)

4. Malignancy

• solid tumors

• myeloproliferative/lymphoproliferative malignancies

5. Obstetrical calamities

• amniotic fluid embolism

• abruptio placentae

6. Vascular abnormalities

• Kasabach-Merritt syndrome

• large vascular aneurysms

7. Severe hepatic failure

8. Severe toxic or immunologic reactions

• snake bites

• recreational drugs

• transfusion reactions

• transplant rejection