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DSM-IV
Diagnostic Criteria for
Major Depressive Episode
A. Five (or more) of the
following symptoms have been present during
the same 2-week period and represent a
change from previous functioning; at least
one of the symptoms is either (1) depressed
mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure.
Note:
Do note include symptoms that are clearly
due to a general medical condition, or
mood-incongruent delusions or
hallucinations.
-
depressed mood most of the
day, nearly every day, as indicated by
either subjective report (e.g., feels sad
or empty) or observation made by others
(e.g., appears tearful). Note: In
children and adolescents, can be irritable
mood.
-
markedly diminished
interest or pleasure in all, or almost
all, activities most of the day, nearly
every day (as indicated by either
subjective account or observation made by
others)
-
significant weight loss
when not dieting or weight gain (e.g., a
change of more than 5% of body weight in a
month), or decrease or increase in
appetite nearly every day. Note: In
children, consider failure to make
expected weight gains.
-
insomnia or hypersomnia
nearly every day
-
psychomotor agitation or
retardation nearly every day (observable
by others, not merely subjective feelings
of restlessness or being slowed down)
-
fatigue or loss of energy
nearly every day
-
feelings of worthlessness
or excessive or inappropriate guilt (which
may be delusional) nearly every day (not
merely self-reproach or guilt about being
sick)
-
diminished ability to think
or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly
every day (either by subjective account or
as observed by others)
-
recurrent thoughts of death
(not just fear of dying), recurrent
suicidal ideation without a specific plan,
or a suicide attempt or a specific plan
for committing suicide
B. The symptoms do not meet
criteria for a Mixed Episode.
C. The symptoms cause clinically significant
distress or impairment in social,
occupational, or other important areas of
functioning.
D. The symptoms are not due to the direct
physiological effects of a substance (e.g.,
a drug of abuse, a medication) or a general
medical condition (e.g., hypothyroidism).
E. The symptoms are not better accounted for
by Bereavement, i.e., after the loss of a
loved one, the symptoms persist for longer
than 2 months or are characterized by marked
functional impairment, morbid preoccupation
with worthlessness, suicidal ideation,
psychotic symptoms, or psychomotor
retardation.
References:
-
DSM-IV. American Psychiatric
Association. (1994). Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th
ed.). Washington, DC.
This
material was taken from the DSM-IV. It is
intended for educational purposes only.
Created: March 8, 2005
Last Modified:
01/22/2010 |
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